How to Read Arabic

Muhammad Isma'il Batrash

Language is the ability to produce and understand speech. Physically, it is situated in Broca's area of the left hemisphere of the human brain. Language is a means of communication among human beings. Although all human beings are physically alike in having similar speech organs, they speak different languages.

Writing is the use of transcribing of figures and forms representing the spoken sounds of a language. The alphabet consists of symbols commonly acknowledged as representing the sound system of the definite language.

Muslims have to learn reading Arabic to be able of reciting the Qur'an-the Holy book of Islam which is Arabic and religiously untranslatable. There are Muslims all over the world. They speak different languages, but they have to be able of reading Arabic for the sake of reciting the Holy Qur'an.

The Arabic language has a somewhat difficult system of writing. It is written from right to left, and each written letter may have different forms of writing as it occurs at the beginning, middle, end or separate in the word. In addition, each letter in written Arabic should have a vocalization sign over or under it. Vocalization signs motivate the basic letter sound. Letter motivations or vocalizations can change the part of speech of the word, its meaning and its grammatical function as well.

To read Arabic, the non-Arab Muslim has to learn how to decipher the Arabic alphabet with all its letter forms and with all its vocalization signs.

Learning a new alphabets stands as the first difficulty before the non-Arab Muslim. For the sake of overcoming this difficulty and enabling the Muslim of reading Arabic written in his vernacular language may be of great help, on condition that the sound system of Arabic does not change. In this respect, I thought of applying a comparative study between the sounds of the Arabic alphabet and any other alphabet. I thought of leaving the written forms of alike sounds unchanged, and those that have different sounds, I have tried of deriving some adjusted forms for them. For the vocalization signs, I have kept them unchanged with a full description of the effect upon the letter pronunciation. In addition, I supplied a full phonetic description of the points of articulation for producing the sounds in Arabic.

Applying this form of transcription, I have written Arabic in the adjusted non-Arab alphabet grafted with the Arabic vocalization signs and asked the non-Arab Muslims to read Arabic transcribed in their own adjusted alphabets and got a wonderful result. The non-Arab was encouraged to start reading Arabic immediately, easily and precisely performed. All that he has to do is to acclimatize his pronunciation, with a slight adjustment in pronouncing the transcribed vocalized letters, to produce an accurate and precise Arabic pronunciation, and that is all what is intended of the Muslim to perform an acceptable reciting of the Holy Qur'an.

Languages today have had around themselves entirely prominent worlds. The Mandarin for the Chinese, English for the Commonwealth and America, and French for the previously French mandated countries. Would not Arabic deserve a world for itself and by itself where more than one billion and a half Muslim all over the world do need it at least five times daily to say their prayers? How could we make Arabic attainable to those peoples? Arabisma Method can do the job.

To begin with, I am going to display the adjusted Latin alphabet written with its equivalent Arabic letters. Then, I am going to describe how each letter sound is produced. Then I am going to introduce the effect of vocalization signs on each motivated letter. Then, I am going to illustrate all possible sounds of each letter when vocalized. With practicing pronouncing the motivated letters, one would accustom his tongue and his ear to pronounce and to hear Arabic sounds and enjoy their effect upon the believer's heart where God has chosen Arabic to reveal His Qur'an to include all what should the Muslim believe in and preserve to be accepted by God in Life After. In the end, I am going to use this special alphabet to transcribe complete chapter or verses of the Holy Qur'an permitting the non-Arab Muslim to consider this new method of enabling the non-Arab to read Arabic. If this method were found to be useful, I would ask every non-Arab Muslim to try applying similar methods of transcribing Arabic in the adjusted alphabet of his mother tongue grafted with like vocalization signs and letting Arabic have its chance of globalization for the sake of Islam and the Holy Qur'an. Pray Allah help us all in spreading his religion and informing people of His true religion Islam.

Bismillahi Rahmani Rahim.

As an Arab, I would feel the great distortion of Arabic when it is written in the Latin alphabet and find the source of distortion lying in not discriminating the difference between adding a full vowel sound instead of a vocalization sign, the matter which may let the singular verb become dual or plural. In addition, it may distort the meaning of the whole word to imply something that may be the opposite in meaning of the word denotation. The word Allah when written with an ending (i) instead of a broken vocalization sign ( ِ ) will denote the tempter in Arabic, the matter which actually greatly distorts Arabic. But, why do we basically need to write Arabic in non-Arabic alphabet?

The Arabic alphabet has its own peculiarity. It is written from right to left, and each letter of it has different written forms as it comes at the beginning, middle, end, or it is disjoined. We need a special system to decipher its written form on the internet, and when we transcribe the Arabic words in Latin alphabets, a great distortion may be the result as it appears at the beginning line of this letter. An Arab would understand it as " In the name of the tempter instead of Allah, and find the (i) superfluous in the word rahman. This in addition to a mispronunciation in the total phrase. Could we not find a proper way for transcribing Arabic in any alphabet other than in the Arabic one?

Language, originally , is a system of expressive sounds, and its written form is only one way to communicate with others if they know how to decipher its symbols known as its alphabet. But, why do people need to learn Arabic? The answer is quite clear. They want to learn Arabic for reading and reciting the Holy Qur'an. God created people with different languages, but He revealed His Book in Arabic sounds. Could we not find a way that enables non-Arab people of reading Arabic written in their own alphabets? The Arab Muslim have become a minority among the other Muslims on earth, and we feel bitterness when they utter Arabic words by heart without understanding their exact meaning. Would Arabic not be more familiar to them if they could read it written in their own alphabets? Why should we restrict Arabic and the Holy Qur'an to the narrow scope of the written Arabic alphabet? How can we globalize Arabic and globalize the Holy Qur'an thereby?

In an answer to satisfy the previous demands, I have tried to start the quest with English. I have driven a comparative study between the sounds in Arabic and those in English. I depended the English written form of the letter whose sound is similar and for those Arabic sounds that have no equal in English I have coined forms for them assisted with clarifying notes about their points of articulation to come out in the end with the following results:

The Modified Latin Alphabet Arabicized

Certainly, there are some Arabic sounds that have a special quality in pronunciation. As these sounds have no perfect representation in Latin transcribed alphabet, I am going to coin for them some reformed or modified figures which with qualifying of their points of articulation would enable the non-Arab pronouncing them perfectly. Those modified figures are not many. So the non-Arab will find it easy to deal with the matter of Arabic pronunciation smoothly and not to be detracted by the hearsay that Arabic is unattainable to the non-Arab. Since all men are equally created, there is nothing that one of them can do is unmatchable by any other one. Man can imitate the sounds of machines and animals, would it be impossible for him to imitate sounds that another human being like him produces? Certainly, not. Here is the Latin Alphabet Arabicized:

ش ، س ، ز ، ر ، ذ ، د ، خ ، ح ، ج ، ث ، ت ، ب ، ا

a , b , t , t˙, j , h , h˙, d , d˙, r , z , s , ŝ

ن ، م ، ل ، ك ، ق ، ف ، غ ، ع ، ز ، ط ، ض ، ص

S , D , T , Z , A , g , f , q , k , l , m , n

ي ، و ، هـ

h , w, y

The Arabic Alphabet and The Arabic Letter Vocalizations

The Arabic Alphabet consists of 28 letters, each of which has the property of accepting 14 supra-imposed vocalizations which extend the letter capacity into 14 vocalized utterances of the same basic letter. This matter is often misrepresented when writing the Arabic pronunciation of the words in Latin transcription by adding superfluous letters, where such additions would surely distort both meaning and the grammatical function of the words.

To avoid such misrepresentations, I am going to super- impose the Latin reformed letter with the Original Arabic Letter Vocalizations.

Each letter, in Arabic, can receive four basic vocal signs:

1. Quiescence or Stabilization: represented by ( ْ ) sign laid over the letter denoting its quiescent pronunciation.

َ2. Opening: represented by ( ْ ) sign laid over the letter denoting its pronunciation with open lips or a schwa (∂) sound in IPA symbols.

3.Rounding: represented by ( ’ ) sign laid over the letter denoting its pronunciation with rounded lips or (u) sound in IPA symbols.

ِ4. Breaking: represented by ( ْ ) sign laid under the letter denoting its pronunciation with falling (broken) jaw like the (i) in IPA symbols.

In addition to the four basic movements, the Arabic letter can receive :

A Stress: represented by (ّ ) sign laid over the written letter denoting its doubling or condensing its pronunciation .

The Stress, as well , can be combined with the four pre ceding basic movements: 5- ( ّْ ), 6- ( ﱠ ), 7- ( ﱡ ) and 8- ( ﱢ ).

In addition, the Arabic letter can be ennated:

Ennation: is derived from doubling the opening , doubling the rounding or doubling the breaking. Each of which is pronounced with the addition of an (n) sound after opining, rounding or breaking:

9- ( ً ) pronounced (an), 10 -( ٌ ) pronounced (on),and 11-(ٍ )pronounced(in).

Ennation ,as well, can be laid over the stress to become:12- ﱠ ) ), 13( ( ﱡ, and 14-( ﱢ)

A Prolongation sign(~) can be laid over the letters (a, w and y) denoting their prolonged pronunciation when preceded by an opened, rounded and broken letter alternatively.

Some Idiosyncratic Features of the Arabic Sounds

The first letter (a) is glottal [when single and silenced after a vocalized letter in the middle of a word. It is prolonged when doubled because it cannot be stressed. It is pronounced [a:] after the following consonant letters : S ,D,T,Z, and q, otherwise, it is pronounced as a front low vowel [ã]. In original Arabic writing , it has the following transcriptions according to its existence at the beginning, middle, end or single in a word

The letter (b) is similar to its counterpart letter in English, a voiced bilabial plosive. In Arabic writing , it has the following forms:

ب ، ـبـ ، ـب

The letter (t) is a voiceless apico-dental plosive sound, it differs from its counterpart in English which is apico-alveolar in articulation . In original Arabic writing , it has the following forms :

ت ، ـتـ ، ـت

The letter (t˙ ) is similar in pronunciation to its counterpart sound [θ ] in English, a voiceless apico-interdental fricative sound. In Arabic writing it has the following forms:

ث ، ـثـ ، ـث

The letter (j) is similar in pronunciation to its counterpart [d3 ], a voiced palato-alveolar affricate in English. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms.

جـ ، ـجـ ، ـج ، ج

The letter (h) has no similar sound in English. It might be like the letter (h) in English when pharyngealized, it is a voiceless pharyngeal fricative sound. In Arabic it has the following forms in writing:

حـ ، ـحـ ، ـح ، ح

The letter (h˙ ) also has no perfect counterpart in English, but it can be like the sound [x] in the word (Loch) in English, it is a voiceless velar fricative sound. In original Arabic calligraphy it has the following forms :

خـ ، ـخـ ، ـخ ، خ

The letter (d) is a voiceless apico-dental plosive sound, deviating from its counterpart letter in English which is apico-alveolar in articulation. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

د ، ـد

As for the letter ( d˙), it is similar to its counterpart [ ð ] sound

in English .It is a voiced apico-interdental fricative sound. In original Arabic writing, it has the following forms:

ذ ، ـذ

The letter ( r )differs from its counterpart sound in English in its being a voiced alveolar vibrant sound while it is retroflexed in English. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

ر ، ـر

The letter (z) is similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiced alveolar fricative sound. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

ز ، ـز

The letter (s) is also similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiceless alveolar fricative sound. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

س ، ـسـ ، ـس ، س

The letter ( ŝ) is also similar to its counterpart sound

[ ∫] in English, a voiceless alveo-palatal fricative sound . In Arabic writing, it has the following forms:

ش ، ـشـ ، ـش ، ش

As for the letter (S) in Arabic , it has a similar counterpart sound in the pronunciation of the (s) sound in the word (sun) in English. It is a voiceless velarized alveolar fricative. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms : صـ ، ـصـ ، ـص ، ص

The letter (D) has nearly an alike sound in pronouncing the (d) sound in the word (done) in English , though the Arabic (D) is characterized by its being a voiced velarized dental stop. In Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

ضـ ، ـضـ ، ـض ، ض

As for the letter (T), it has no exact similar sound in English, but it is easy to be pronounced as a voiceless velarized dental stop. In original Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

ط ، ـطـ ، ـط ، ط

The letter (Z) is characterized by its being a voiced apico-interdental velarized fricative sound. It has no perfect similar sound in English. In Arabic writing it has the following forms :

ظـ ، ـظـ ، ـظ ، ظ

The letter (A) also has no similar sound in English. It is characterized by its being a voiced pharyngeal fricative sound. In Arabic calligraphy, it has the following forms: :

عـ ، ـعـ ، ـع ، ع

The letter (g) has no similar sound in English. It is characterized by its being a voiced velar fricative sound. In Arabic writing , it has the following forms :

غـ ، ـغـ ، ـغ ، غ

The letter (f) is similar to its counterpart sound in English. It is a voiceless labio-dental fricative sound. In standard Arabic writing, it has the following forms :

فـ ، ـفـ ، ـف ، ف

As for the letter (q) , it does not exist in English. It is characterized by its being a voiceless uvular stop. In writing it has the following forms :

قـ ، ـقـ ، ـق ، ق

The letter (k) is similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiceless aspirated velar stop. It has the following forms in Arabic writing:

كـ ، ـكـ ، ـك ، ك

The letter (l) has the two similar sounds in English pronunciation :

the clear (l) in (let) and the dark or pharyngealized one in (ball). It is a voiced alveolar lateral sound. It is velarized in the word (alah) in Arabic when it is preceded by an opened or rounded moved letter and it is alveolarized otherwise. In writing, it has the following forms :

لـ ، ـلـ ، ـل ، ل

As for the letter (m) , it is quite similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiced bilabial nasal sound. In writing , it may have the following forms :

مـ ، ـمـ ، ـم ، م

The letter (n) is also similar to English (n) sound, a voiced alveolar nasal sound. In writing , it has the following forms:

نـ ، ـنـ ، ـن ، ن

The letter (h) is similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiceless glottal fricative sound. In writing, it has the following forms:

هـ ، ـهـ ، ـه ، ه

The letter (w) is also similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiced bilabial continuant semivowel. In writing it may have the following forms :

و ، ـو ، و

Finally, the letter (y) is similar to its counterpart sound in English, a voiced palatal continuant semivowel. In writing it has the following forms :

يـ ، ـيـ ، ـي ، ي

In reciting the Qur’an, and in eloquent pronunciation, certain rules of pronunciation should be applied. This should be kept in mind to be dealt with in a later chapter of this course.

Each letter of the Arabic alphabet can be motivated or vocalized with the aforementioned fourteen vocalization signs to give all possible Arabic sounds that frequently recur in Arabic and do have eloquent rhythmic effect in reciting the verses of the Holy Qur'an especially in those end motivated words of some Suras.

Following are the fully motivated letters to be pronounced as a training practice to enable the non-Arab of attaining the concept of differentiating between the misused vowel instead of the correct vocalization signs:

1.(aْ-ا , ءْ), (ã – آ ), (aَ-أَ ), (aُ-أُ , ؤ ), (aِ-إِ ), (aً-أً ), (aٌ-ؤٌ ), (aٍ-ءٍ , ئٍ, إٍ )

2.(bْ-بْ ), (bَ-بَ ), (bُ-بُ ), (bِ-بِ ), (bّْ, بّْ ), (bَّ-بَّ), (bُّ-بُّ ), (bِّ-بِّ )

(bً-باً ), (bٌ-بٌ ), (bٍ-بٍ ), (bًّ-بّاً ), (bٌّ-بٌّ ), (bٍّ-بٍّ ).

3. (tْ-تْ ), (tَ-تَ ), (tُ-تُ ), (tِ-تِ ), (tّْ-تّْ ), (tَّ-تَّ ), (t˙ُّ-تُّ ), (tِّ-تِّ ), (tً-تاً ),

(tٌ-تٌ ), (tٍ-تٍ ), (tًّ-تّاً ), (tٌّ-تٌّ ), (tٍّ-تٍّ ).

4.(t˙ْ-ثْ ), (t˙َ-ثَ ), (t˙ُ-ثُ ), (t˙ِ-ثِ ), (t˙ ّْ-ثّْ ), (t˙ً-ثَّ ), (t˙ُّ-ثُّ ), (t˙ِّ-ثِّ ),

(t˙ً-ثاً ), (t˙ٌ-ثٌ ), (t˙ٍ-ثٍ ), (t˙ًّ-ثّاً ), (t˙ٌّ-ثٌّ ), (t˙ٍّ-ثٍّ).

5.(jْ-جْ ), (jَ-جَ ), (jُ-جُ ), (jِ-جِ ), (jّْ-جّْ ), (jَّ-جَّ ), (jُّ-جُّ ), (jِّ-جِّ ), (jً-جاً), (jٌ-جٌ ),

(jٍ-جٍ), (jًّ-جّاً ), (jٌّ-جٌّ ), (jٍّ-جٍّ ).

6.(hْ –حْ ), (hَ – حَ ), (hُ – حُ ), (hِ- حِ ), (hّْ –حّْ ), (hَّ –حُّ ), (hُّ –حُّ ),

(hِّ –حِّ ) (hً –حاً ), (hٌ –حٌ ), (hٍ –حٍ ), (hًّ –حّاً ), (hٌّ –حٌّ ), (hٍّ –حٍّ ).

7.(h˙ْ-خْ ), (h˙َ-خَ ), (h˙ُ-خُ), (h˙ِ-خِ ), (h˙ ّْ-خّْ ), (h˙َّ-خَّ ), (h˙ُّ-خُّ ),

(h˙ِّ-خِّ), (h˙ً-خاً ), (h˙ٌ-خٌ ), (h˙ٍ-خٍ ), (h˙ًّ- خّاً ), (h˙ٌّ-خٌّ ), (h˙ٍّ-خٍّ ).

8.(dْ –دْ ), (dَ-دَ ), (dُ-دُ ), (dِ-دِ ), (dّْ-دّْ ), (dَّ-دَّ ), (dُّ-دُّ ), (dِّ-دِّ ), (dً-داً ),

(dٌ-دٌ ), (dٍ-دٍ ), (dًّ-دّاً ), (dٌّ-دٌّ ), (dٍّ-دٍّ ).

9. (d˙ْ-ذْ ), (d˙َ-ذَ ), (d˙ُ-ذُ ), (d˙ِ-ذِ ), (d˙ّْ-ذّْ ), (d˙َّ-ذَّ ), (d˙ُّ-ذُّ ), (d˙ِّ-ذِّ ),

(d˙ً-ذاً ), (d˙ٌ-ذٌ ), (d˙ٍ-ذٍ ), (d˙ًّ-ذّاً ), (d˙ٌّ-ذٌّ ), (d˙ٍّ-ذٍّ ).

10. (rْ-رْ ), (rَ-رَ ), (rُ-رُ ), (rِ-رِ ), (rّْ-رّْ ), (rَّ-رَّ ), (rُّ-رُّ ), (rِّ-رِّ ), (rً-راً ),

(rٌ-رٌ ), (rٍ-رٍ ), (rًّ-رّاً ), (rٌّ-رٌّ ), (rٍّ-رٍّ ).

11. (zْ-زْ ), (zَ-زَ ), (zُ-زُ ), (zِ-زِ ), (zّْ-زّْ ), (zَّ-زَّ ), (zُّ-زُّ ), (zُّ-زُّ ), (zِّ-زِّ ),

(zً-زاً ), (zٌ-زٌ ), (zٍ-زٍ), (zًّ-زّاً ), (zٌّ-زٌّ ), (zٍّ-زٍّ ).

12. (sْ-سْ ), (sَ-سَ ), (sُ-سُ ), (sِ-سِ ), (sّْ-سّْ ), (sَّ-سَّ ), (sُّ-سُّ ), (sِّ-سِّ ),

(sً-ساً ), (sٌ-سٌ ), (sٍ-سٍ ), (sًّ-سّاً ), (sٌّ-سٌّ ), (sٍّ-سٍّ ).

13. (ŝْ-شْ ), (ŝَ-شَ ), (ŝُ-شُ ), (ŝِ-شِ ), (ŝّْ-شّْ ), (ŝَّ-شَّ ), (ŝُّ-شُّ ), (ŝِّ-شِّ ),

(ŝً-شاً ), (ŝٌ-شٌ ), (ŝٍ-شٍ ), (ŝًّ-شّاً ), (ŝٌّ-شٌّ ), (ŝٍّ-شٍّ ).

14. (Sْ-صْ ), (Sَ-صَ ), (Sُ-صُ ), (Sِ-صِ ), (Sّْ-صّْ ), (Sَّ-صَّ ), (Sُّ-صُّ ),

(Sِّ-صِّ ), (Sً- صاً ), (Sٌ-صٌ ), (Sٍ-صٍ ), (Sًّ-صّاً ), (Sٌّ-صٌّ ), (Sٍّ-صٍّ ).

15. (Dْ-ضْ ), (Dَ-ضَ ), (Dُ-ضُ ), (Dِ-ضِ ), (Dّْ-ضّْ ), (Dَّ-ضَّ ), (Dُّ-ضُّ ),

(Dِّ-ضِّ ), (Dً-ضاً ), (Dٌ-ضٌ ), (Dٍ-ضٍ), (Dًّ-ضّاً ), (Dٌّ-ضٌّ ), (Dٍّ-ضٍّ ).

16. (Tْ-طْ ), (Tَ-طَ ), (Tُ-طُ ), (Tِ-طِ ), (Tّْ-طّْ ), (Tَّ-طَّ ), (Tُّ-طُّ ), (Tِّ-طِّ ),

(Tً-طاً ), (Tٌ-طٌ ), (Tٍ-طٍ ), (Tًّ-طّاً ), (Tٌّ-طٌّ), (Tٍّ-طٍّ ).

17. (Zْ-ظْ ), (Zَ-ظَ ), (Zُ-ظُ ), (Zِ-ظِ ), (Zّْ-ظّْ ), (Zَّ-ظَّ ), (Zُّ-ظُّ ), (Zِّ-ظِّ ),

(Zً-ظاً ), ((Zٌ-ظٌ ), ( Zٍ-ظٍ ), (Zًّ-ظّاً ), (Zٌّ-ظٌّ ), (Zٍّ-ظٍّ ).

18. (Aْ-عْ ), (Aَ-عَ ), (Aُ-عُ ), (Aِ-عِ ), (Aّْ-عّْ ), (Aَّ-عَّ ), (Aُّ-عُّ ), (Aِّ-عِّ ),

(Aً-عاً ), (Aٌ-عٌ ), (Aٍ-عٍ ), (Aًّ-عّاً ), (Aٌّ-عٌّ ), (Aٍّ-عٍّ ).

19. (gْ-غْ ), (gَ-غَ ), (gُ-غُ ), (gِ-غِ ), (gّْ-غّْ ), (gَّ-غَّ ), (gُّ-غُّ ), (gُّ-غُّ ), (gِّ-غِّ ),

(gً-غاً ), (gٌ-غٌ ), (gٍ-غٍ ), (gًّ-غّاً ), (gٌّ-غٌّ ), (gٍّ-غٍّ ).

20. (fْ-فْ ), (fَ-فَ ), (fُ-فُ ), (fِ-فِ ), ( fّْ-فّْ ), (fَّ-فَّ ), (fُّ-فُّ ), (fِّ-فِّ ), (fً-فاً ),

(fٌ-فٌ ), ( fٍ-فٍ ), ( fًّ-فّاً ), (fٌّ-فٌّ ), (fٍّ-فٍّ ).

21. (qْ-قْ ), (qَ-قَ ), (qُ-قُ ), (qِ-قِ ), (qّْ-قّْ ), (qَّ-قَّ ), (qُّ-قُّ ), (qِّ-قِّ ), (qً-قاً),

(qٌ-قٌ ), (qٍ-قٍ ), (qًّ-قّاً ), (qٌّ-قٌّ ), (qٍّ-قٍّ ).

22. (kْ-كْ ), (kَ-كَ ), (kُ-كُ ), (kِ-كِ ), (kّْ-كّْ ), (kَّ-كَّ ), (kُّ-كُّ ), (kِّ-كِّ ), (kً-كاً),

(kٌ-كٌ ), (kٍ-كٍ ), (kًّ-كّأً ), (kٌّ-كٌّ ), (kٍّ-كٍّ ).

23. (lْ-لْ ), (lَ-لَ ), (lُ-لُ ), (lِ-لِ ), (lّْ-لّْ ), (lَّ-لَّ ), (lُّ-لُّ ), (lِّ-لِّ ), ( lً-لاً ),

(lٌ-لٌ ), (lٍ-لٍ ), (lًّ-لاًّ ), (lٌّ-لٌّ ), (lٍّ-لٍّ ).

24. (mْ-مْ ), (mَ-مَ ), (mُ-مُ ), (mِ-مِ ), (mّْ-مّْ ), (mَّ-مَّ ), (mُّ-مُّ ), (mِّ-مِّ),

(mً-ماً ), (mٌ-مٌ ), (mٍ-مٍ ), (mًّ-مّاً ), (mٌّ-مٌّ ), (mٍّ-مٍّ ).

25. (nْ-نْ ), (nَ-نَ ), (nُ-نُ ), (nِ-نِ ), (nّْ-نّْ ), (nَّ-نَّ ), (nُّ-نُّ ), (nِّ-نِّ ), (nً-ناً ),

(nٌ-نٌ ), (nٍ-نٍ ), (nًّ-نّاً ), (nٌّ-نٌّ ), (nٍّ-نٍّ ).

26. (hْ-هـْ ), (hَ-هـَ ), (hُ-هـُ ), (hِ-ِ هـ ), (hّْ-هـّْ ), (hَّ-هـَّ ), (hٌّ-هـُّ ), (hِّ-هـِّ ),

(hً-هـاً ), (hٌ-هـٌ ), (hٍ-هـٍ ), (hًّ-هـّاً ), (hٌّ-هـٌّ ), (hٍّ-هـٍّ ).

27. (wْ- وْ), (wَ-وَ), (wُ-وُ), (wِ-وِ), (wّْ-وّْ), (wَّ-وَّ), (wُُّ-وُُّ), (wِّ-وِّ), (wً-واً),

(wٌ-وٌ), (wٍ-وٍ), (wًّ-وّاً), (wٍّ-وٍّ), (wٍّ-وٍّ).

28. (yْ-يْ ), (yَ-يَ ), (yُ-يُ ), (yِ-يِ ), (yّْ-يّْ ), (yَّ-يَّ ), (yُّ-يُّ ), (yِّ-يِّ ), (yً-ياً ),

(yٌ-يٌ ), (yٍ-يٍ ), (yًّ-يّأً ), (yٌّ-يٌّ ), (yٍّ-يٍّ ).

How the Method Is Applied In the Qur'anic Transcription:

Following is the Opening Chapter of the Holy Qur'an Transcribed in Arabisma Method:

العالمين

ربِّ

للّهِ

الحمدُ

الرّحيم

الرحمن

اللّهِ

بسمِ

lmynْAaْlََ

rَbِّ

lِlّãhِ

aَlْhَmْdُ

rَّhym.

rَّhmanِ

lّãhِ

bِِsْmِ

وَ

نعبُدُ

إيّاكَ

الدّين

يومِ

مالِكِ

الرّحيم

الرحمن

wَ

nَAْbُdُ

aِyّaْkَ

dّyْn

yَwْmِ

malِkِ

rَّhym

aَrَّhْmãnِ

أنعمتَ

الّذينَ

صِراطَ

المستقيم

الصِّراطَ

اهدنا

نستعين

إيّاكَ

aَnْAَmْtَ

َ lَّd˙yْnَ

SِraْT

lْmُsْtَqyْm

SِّraْTَ

aِِِhْdِna

nَsْtَAyْn

aِyّaْkَ

الضّالّين

لا

وَ

عليهِم

المغضوبِ

غيرِ

عليهِم

Dّãlّyْn

la

wَ

Aَlَyْhِm

lْmَgْDُwْbِ

gَyْrِ

Aَlَyْhِm

The Merits of this method:

1.It enables the non-Arab of immediate Arabic reading.

2.It restricted writing to what is actually pronounced.

3. It enables Arabic to be read in any foreign alphabet.

4.It encourages the non-Arab to study Arabic and correctly pronounce the Qur'anic verses.

In the end, I think that this method would find some interest at some English speaking people and find it helpful in introducing Arabic clad in their national tongue, and its grammar discussed in equal concepts derived from their vernacular. If this would be helpful, even in gaining interest in Arabic as a language attainable in one's own alphabet, this I would consider sufficient. For those who want to follow up reading Arabic in its original alphabet, there is no problem, but in my new introductory method I would like to open a new scope for globalizing Arabic in the service of letting people enjoy the supreme sounds of the Holy Qur'an in a similar way as the believer Arab does.

Waiting to know your opinion about it,

Yours faithfully.

Salam.

Muhammad Ismail Batrash.

E.Mail: arabisma@scs-net.org